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AC Losses models calculate power dissipation in the AC electrical infrastructure, from output to the .

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Models in This Section

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Degradation Losses (AC Applied)

Time-dependent degradation when applied at the AC level:
  • Linear AC: Continuous linear degradation applied to inverter AC output
  • Stepped AC: Annual step-wise degradation applied to inverter AC output
  • LeTID: Light and Elevated Temperature Induced Degradation (optional)

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Transformer Loss Model

Shared quadratic loss model for step-up , used by both the transformer (array level) and transformers (plant level). The model accounts for constant no-load (core) losses and load-dependent (winding) losses that scale with the square of the loading fraction.

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Array-Level Aggregation and AC Losses

Inverter-to-array aggregation, array-level loss chain, and array-to-block aggregation:
  1. Inverter aggregation (sum of inverter outputs × repeater counts)
  2. Auxiliary loads (DAS, cooling, tracker motors)
  3. MV transformer (uses the shared Transformer Loss Model)
  4. AC collection system (V12+: quadratic I²R model; V3–11: flat percentage)
  5. Block aggregation (sum of array outputs × repeater counts)

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Plant-Level Aggregation and AC Losses

Block-to-plant aggregation and plant-level loss chain to the grid:
  1. Block-to-plant aggregation (sum of block outputs × repeater counts)
  2. HV equipment — transformers (uses the shared Transformer Loss Model) and transmission lines (I²R model), in user-defined order
  3. Availability loss (percentage reduction for downtime and curtailment)
  4. Grid limit (/ capacity constraint)

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Calculation Sequence

Array Level:
  1. Inverter aggregation
  2. AC Degradation and LeTID losses (if enabled)
  3. Auxiliary loads (DAS, cooling, tracker motors)
  4. MV Transformer losses
  5. AC Collection System losses
  6. Block aggregation
Plant Level:
  1. Block-to-plant aggregation
  2. HV Transformers and Transmission Lines losses (user-defined order)
  3. Availability Loss
  4. Grid Limit (LGIA)